What are the risks and recovery expectations?

Risks include bleeding, infection, arrhythmias (such as heart block requiring a pacemaker), stroke, and rare mortality (typically <1% in experienced centers). Recovery involves a 10-14 day hospital stay, followed by 6-8 weeks of limited activity at home. Most patients return to normal daily routines gradually, with full recovery often taking 2-3 months. Cardiac rehabilitation may be recommended.