What are the risks and recovery expectations after microsurgical TESE?

Risks are low but include minor scrotal swelling, bruising, or temporary discomfort, with rare infection or hematoma. Recovery typically requires 1–2 weeks of avoiding heavy lifting, strenuous exercise, and sexual activity. Most men return to desk work within 2–3 days. The procedure does not affect testosterone production or sexual function long-term. Patients should expect a follow-up ultrasound and semen analysis if repeat extraction is needed.