What does Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) involve?

FESS is a minimally invasive procedure performed through the nostrils using an endoscope—a thin, lighted tube with a camera. Surgeons use specialized instruments to remove diseased tissue, polyps, or blockages from the sinuses, restoring normal drainage and ventilation. In China, many hospitals employ image-guided navigation systems, which provide real-time 3D mapping of the sinuses, enhancing precision and safety. The surgery typically takes 1–2 hours under general anesthesia, and patients stay in the hospital for 2–3 days for monitoring.