What are the risks and recovery expectations?

Common risks include shunt stenosis or occlusion (requiring follow-up angioplasty), hepatic encephalopathy (about 20–30% of patients), infection, and bleeding. Recovery typically involves 2–3 weeks of limited activity, with most patients returning to normal daily routines within a month. Regular ultrasound surveillance is needed to monitor shunt patency. Encephalopathy is managed with medications and dietary protein restriction. Serious complications are rare but can include liver failure or cardiac overload.